физическое развитие детей и подростков и его оценка
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физическое развитие детей и подростков и его оценка, Cochlear implants - Mayo Clinic, Cochlear Implant: Cost, Pros, Cons, Risks, How It Works, What Are Cochlear Implants for Hearing? | NIDCD, Cochlear Implants: Types & How They Work - Cleveland Clinic, Cochlear Implant Surgery and Rehabilitation - Johns Hopkins Medicine, Cochlear Implants for Hearing Loss: Benefits and Risks - WebMD, Cochlear Implants - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf.
On this page:What is a cochlear implant?Ear with cochlear implantSource: NIH/NIDCDA cochlear implant is a small, complex electronic device that can help to provide a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf or severely hard-of-hearing. The implant consists of an external portion that sits behind the ear and a second portion that is surgically placed under the skin (see figure). An implant has the following parts:A microphone, which picks up sound from the environment.A speech processor, which selects and arranges sounds picked up by the microphone.A transmitter and receiver/stimulator, which receive signals from the speech processor and convert them into electric impulses.An electrode array, which is a group of electrodes that collects the impulses from the stimulator and sends them to different regions of the auditory nerve.An implant does not restore normal hearing. Instead, it can give a deaf person a useful representation of sounds in the environment and help him or her to understand speech.How does a cochlear implant work?A cochlear implant is very different from a hearing aid. Hearing aids amplify sounds so they may be detected by damaged ears. Cochlear implants bypass damaged portions of the ear and directly stimulate the auditory nerve. Signals generated by the implant are sent by way of the auditory nerve to the brain, which recognizes the signals as sound. Hearing through a cochlear implant is different from normal hearing and takes time to learn or relearn. However, it allows many people to recognize warning signals, understand other sounds in the environment, and understand speech in person or over the telephone.Who gets cochlear implants?Children and adults who are deaf or severely hard-of-hearing can be fitted for cochlear implants. As of December 2019, approximately 736,900 registered devices have been implanted worldwide. In the United States, roughly 118,100 devices have been implanted in adults and 65,000 in children. (Estimates provided by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration [FDA], as reported by cochlear implant manufacturers approved for the U.S. market.)The FDA first approved cochlear implants in the mid-1980s to treat hearing loss in adults. Since 2020, cochlear implants have been FDA approved for use in eligible children beginning at 9 months of age. For young children who are deaf or severely hard-of-hearing, using a cochlear implant while they are young exposes them to sounds during an optimal period to develop speech and language skills. Research has shown that when children receive a cochlear implant early in life followed by intensive therapy, they often are better able to hear, comprehend sound and music, and speak than their peers who receive implants when they are older. Studies have also shown that eligible children (as young as 9 months of age) who receive a cochlear implant early may develop language skills at a rate comparable to children with normal hearing, and many succeed in mainstream classrooms.Some adults who have lost all or most of their hearing later in life can also benefit from cochlear implants. They learn to associate the signals from the implant with sounds they remember, including speech, without requiring any visual cues such as those provided by lipreading or sign language.How does someone receive a cochlear implant?Use of a cochlear implant requires both a surgical procedure and significant therapy to learn or relearn the sense of hearing. Not everyone performs at the same level with this device. The decision to receive an implant should involve discussions with medical specialists, including an experienced cochlear-implant surgeon. The process can be expensive. For example, a person’s health insurance may cover the expense, but not always. Some individuals may choose not to have a cochlear implant for a variety of personal reasons. Surgical implantations are almost always safe, although complications are a risk factor, just as with any kind of surgery. An additional consideration is learning to interpret the sounds created by an implant. This process takes time and practice. Speech-language pathologists and audiologists are frequently involved in this learning process. Prior to implantation, all of these factors need to be considered.What does the future hold for cochlear implants?NIDCD supports research to enhance the benefits of cochlear implants. Scientists are exploring whether using a shortened electrode array, inserted into a portion of the cochlea, for example, can help individuals whose hearing loss is limited to the higher frequencies while preserving their hearing of lower frequencies. Researchers also are looking at the potential benefits of pairing a cochlear implant in one ear with either another cochlear implant or a hearing aid in the other ear.Where can I find additional information about cochlear implants?NIDCD maintains a providing information on the normal and disordered processes of hearing, balance, taste, smell, voice, speech, and language.For more information, contact us at:NIDCD Information Clearinghouse1 Communication AvenueBethesda, MD 20892-3456Toll-free voice: (800) 241-1044Toll-free TTY: (800) 241-1055Email: NIH Publication No. 00-4798February 2016*Note: PDF files require a viewer such as the free ., It can be a choice for people who have severe hearing loss from inner-ear damage and can't hear well with hearing aids. A cochlear implant sends sounds past the damaged part of the ear straight to the hearing nerve, called the cochlear nerve. For most people with hearing loss that involves the inner ear, the cochlear nerve works., What is a cochlear implant? A cochlear implant is a small electronic medical device that improves moderate to severe hearing loss. It’s used to help hearing loss in adults,.
Since 2020, cochlear implants have been FDA approved for use in eligible children beginning at 9 months of age. For young children who are deaf or severely hard-of-hearing, using a cochlear implant while they are young exposes them to sounds during an optimal period to develop speech and language skills., Cochlear implants are electronic devices that reduce hearing loss. They don’t restore hearing. Instead, they improve your ability to understand speech and hear more sounds. Adults and children who receive cochlear implants benefit by having auditory therapy that helps them relearn how to hear., Surgery to place a cochlear implant inside the ear is an outpatient procedure performed in a hospital or clinic, using general anesthesia. The patient returns to the audiologist a few weeks later to have the cochlear implant activated and programmed (mapped)., What Is a Cochlear Implant? A cochlear implant (CI) is an electronic device designed to help you hear better if you're deaf, partially deaf, or have trouble understanding speech. It has two, A cochlear implant is a medical device designed to restore sensorineural hearing loss by bypassing damaged components of the ear and directly stimulating the auditory nerve., What Is a Cochlear Implant? A cochlear implant is a surgically placed device that provides a person who has sensorineural hearing loss and receives limited benefit from appropriately-fit hearing aids with the ability to hear with more clarity..