Download referencesAcknowledgementsThe authors would to thank the following parties, from whose work elements of our figures were modified; F. Aiuti (Fig. 2a), A. De Luca (Fig. 3a), and J. Drouin-Ouellet (Fig. 4). This work was partially supported by Regione Emilia-Romagna, Asse 1 POR-FESR 2007-13 to M.D.L. and G.P.; Italian Telethon Foundation to A.A.; Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Dental Research, a part of the Intramural Research Program, the National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Humman Services (ZIA DE000380 to P.G.R.), the Wellcome Trust (ME070401A1), the MRC (MR/P016006/1) the GOSH-SPARKS charity (V4618) to G.C.Author informationAuthor notesThese authors contributed equally: Michele De Luca, Alessandro Aiuti, Giulio Cossu, Malin Parmar, Graziella Pellegrini, Pamela Gehron Robey.Authors and AffiliationsCenter for Regenerative Medicine “Stefano Ferrari”, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, ItalyMichele De LucaSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget) and Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, ItalyAlessandro AiutiVita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, ItalyAlessandro AiutiDivision of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UKGiulio CossuDevelopmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund, SwedenMalin ParmarLund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, SwedenMalin ParmarCenter for Regenerative Medicine “Stefano Ferrari”, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, ItalyGraziella PellegriniNational Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USAPamela Gehron RobeyAuthorsMichele De LucaSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarAlessandro AiutiSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarGiulio CossuSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarMalin ParmarSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarGraziella PellegriniSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarPamela Gehron RobeySearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarCorresponding authorCorrespondence to, The battle over regulating stem cell treatment has brought unproven claims into sharp focus., The research The Congestive Heart Failure Cardiopoietic Regenerative Therapy trial, known as CHART-1, enrolled 315 heart failure patients from 39 medical centers across 10 countries. In one group, researchers studied cardiopoietic stem cell therapy added to standard of care treatment for heart failure..