They want effective, relevant, and well-documented V&V activity that is compliant with medical-device regulations. Medical devices come in many different technologies, shapes, sizes, levels of complexity, etc. V&V activity is typically driven by the regulatory environment and international standards. For example, considerable emphasis is now placed on human factors engineering. From a V&V point of view, there are specialized human factors testing techniques such as formative and summative testing. Two relatively recent standards—ISO’s IEC 62366:2007 “Medical Devices—Application of Usability Engineering to Medical Devices” and AAMI’s ANSI/AAMI HE75: 2009’s “Human Factors Engineering—Design of Medical Devices”—provide guidance for the overall usability engineering process, as well as design and testing techniques. The FDA also provides a great deal of information on this topic in the form of guidance documents., What are medical device companies requesting these days when it comes to validation and verification? They want effective, relevant, and well-documented V&V activity that is compliant with medical-device regulations., If the intended use requires that the medical device be connected to, or have an interface with, other medical device(s), validation shall include confirmation that the requirements for the specified application or intended use have been met when so connected or interfaced..