текстовые книги скачать бесплатно и без регистрации
Главное меню:
Интересное
текстовые книги скачать бесплатно и без регистрации, Iraq - Wikipedia, Iraq | History, Map, Flag, Population, & Facts | Britannica, Iraq - The World Factbook, Iraq | Culture, Facts & Travel | - CountryReports, Iraq country profile - BBC News, Iraq - Republic of Iraq - Al Iraq - Nations Online Project, Overview of Iraq – Iraqi Research Foundation for Analysis and .
Introduction & Quick FactsLandReliefAlluvial plainsAl-JazīrahDesertsThe northeastDrainageThe Tigris-Euphrates river systemIrrigation and canalsSoilsClimatePlant and animal lifePeopleEthnic groupsArabsKurdsOther minoritiesLanguagesReligionSunnisThe ShiʿahReligious minoritiesSettlement patternsRural settlementUrban settlementBaghdadRegional centresDemographic trendsEconomyOverviewEconomic developmentState controlAgriculture, forestry, and fishingResources and powerPetroleum and natural gasOil pipelinesOther minerals and energyManufacturingFinanceTradeServicesLabour and taxationTransportation and telecommunicationsGovernment and societyConstitutional frameworkLocal governmentJusticePolitical processSecurityHealth and welfareHousingEducationCultural lifeCultural milieuDaily life and social customsThe artsCultural institutionsSports and recreationMedia and publishingHistoryIraq from c. 600 to 1055The Arab conquest and the early Islamic periodThe Abbasid CaliphateThe Buyid period (932–1062)Iraq from 1055 to 1534The Seljuqs (1055–1152)The later Abbasids (1152–1258)The Mongol Il-Khans (1258–1335)Il-Khanid successors (1335–1410)The Turkmen (1410–1508)The Safavids (1508–34)Ottoman Iraq (1534–1918)The 16th-century conquest of Iraq and the regime imposed by Süleyman IThe local despotisms in the 17th centuryThe 18th-century Mamluk regimeThe fall of the Mamluks and the consolidation of British interestsMid-19th-century Ottoman reformsThe governorship of Midhat PaşaThe end of Ottoman ruleIraq until the 1958 revolutionBritish occupation and the mandatory regimeIndependence, 1932–39World War II and British intervention, 1939–45Postwar reconstruction and social upheavals, 1945–58The Republic of IraqThe 1958 revolution and its aftermathRecurrence of military coups, 1963–68Iraqi foreign policy, 1958–68The revolution of 1968The second Baʿath governmentThe revolution of 1968Foreign policy 1968–80Economic development to 1980Iraq under Saddam HusseinThe Iran-Iraq WarPostwar policiesThe Persian Gulf WarCausesThe invasionThe UN embargo and oil-for-food programThe Iraq War (2003–11) and its aftermathPost-9/11 tension and the U.S.-led invasion of IraqRocky transition to civilian governmentU.S. withdrawal and the rise of the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL)Second term of Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki and sectarian polarizationFight against ISILPostwar Iraq2018 parliamentary elections and the premiership of Adel Abdul MahdiTishreen Movement: protests in 2019–20 against corruption and foreign interferencePremiership of Mustafa al-Kadhimi, Iraq, [b] officially the Republic of Iraq, [c] is a country in West Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south, Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and Kuwait to the southeast, Jordan to the southwest, and Syria to the west., Iraq is a country in southwestern Asia. During ancient times, lands that now constitute Iraq were known as Mesopotamia. The modern nation-state of Iraq was created following World War I from the Ottoman provinces of Baghdad, Basra, and Mosul. The capital city is Baghdad..
Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic., Iraq in depth country profile. Unique hard to find content on Iraq. Includes customs, culture, history, geography, economy current events, photos, video, and more., Provides an overview of Iraq, including key dates and facts about this Middle Eastern country., Iraq facts, Iraq internet resources, links to Iraq. Official web sites of the state, the capital of Iraq, art, culture, history, cities, airlines, embassies, tourist boards and newspapers, Iraq (/ɪˈræk/, i/ɪˈrɑːk/, or /aɪˈræk/; Arabic: العراق al-‘Irāq), is officially named “The Republic of Iraq.” Iraq is located in Asia, surrounding the Mesopotamian alluvial plain, the Zagros mountain range and part of the Syrian Desert., .