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Reducing BycatchNOAA Fisheries is working to reduce the bycatch of sea turtles in commercial fisheries. Our efforts are focused on documenting bycatch, understanding how, why, and where sea turtles are bycaught, and how to reduce that bycatch. We have developed modifications to fishing gear and practices to reduce bycatch and/or reduce bycatch injuries. We require these modifications in certain U.S. commercial fisheries including gillnets, longlines, pound nets, scallop dredges, and trawls that accidentally catch sea turtles. Measures include:Gear modificationsChanges to fishing practicesTime/area closuresIn the United States, NOAA Fisheries has worked closely with the shrimp trawl fishing industry to develop (TEDS) to reduce the mortality of sea turtles bycaught in shrimp trawls. TEDs are required in the shrimp otter trawl fishery and, in early 2021, in larger vessels participating in the skimmer trawl fishery.Since 1989, the . The import ban does not apply to nations that have adopted sea turtle protection programs comparable to that of the U.S. (i.e., require and enforce the use of TEDs) or to nations where bycatch in shrimp fisheries does not present a threat to sea turtles (for example, nations that fish for shrimp in areas where sea turtles do not occur). The while NOAA Fisheries serves as technical advisor and provides extensive TED training throughout the world.We are also involved in cooperative gear research projects, implementation of changes to gear and fishing practices, and safe handling protocols designed to reduce sea turtle bycatch and mortality in the Gulf of America* (formerly Gulf of Mexico) and Atlantic pelagic longline fisheries, the American Samoa and , the Atlantic sea scallop dredge fishery, and non-shrimp trawl fisheries in the Atlantic and Gulf of America.Fisheries Observers in fishing gear is the primary human-caused source of sea turtle injury and mortality in U.S. waters. The most effective way to learn about bycatch is to place aboard fishing vessels. Observers collect important information that allows us to understand the amount and extent of bycatch, how turtles interact with the gear, and how bycatch reduction measures are working.NOAA Fisheries determines which fisheries are required to carry observers, if requested to do so, through an . Observers may also be placed on fishing vessels through our authorities under the .Responding to Strandings and EntanglementsA stranded sea turtle is one that is found on land or in the water and is either dead or is alive but unable to undergo normal activities and behaviors due to an injury, illness, or other problem. Most strandings are of individual turtles, and thousands are documented annually along the coasts of the United States and its territories. Organized networks of trained stranding responders are authorized to recover dead turtles or assist live turtles and document important information about the causes of strandings. These networks include federal, state, and private organizations. The actions taken by stranding network participants improve the survival of sick, injured, and entangled turtles while also helping scientists and managers expand their knowledge about threats to sea turtles and causes of mortality.Because sea turtles spend most of their life at sea and out of sight, information learned from strandings are an important way for us to identify and monitor problems that threaten sea turtle populations.Within the United States and its Territories, there are three regional networks that serve to document and rescue stranded and entanglement sea turtles:Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of America, and Caribbean: Coordinated under the Pacific Ocean (continental U.S. West Coast): Coordinated by NOAA’s West Coast Regional OfficePacific Islands (Hawaii, American Samoa, Guam, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands): Coordinated by NOAA’s Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center and the Pacific Islands Regional OfficeThe actions taken by stranding network participants improve the survivability of sick, injured, and entangled turtles while also helping scientists and managers to expand their knowledge about diseases and other threats that affect sea turtles in the marine environment and on land.International Conservation EffortsThe conservation and recovery of sea turtles requires international cooperation and agreements to ensure the survival of these highly migratory animals. We work closely with partners in many countries across the globe to promote sea turtle conservation and recovery. Two international agreements specifically focused on sea turtle conservation are:Additional international treaties and agreements that also protect sea turtles include:: Listed in Appendix I, which prohibits international trade of wild flora and faunaCartagena Convention: Protected under Annex II of the *Executive Order 14172, “Restoring Names That Honor American Greatness” (Jan. 20, 2025), directs that the Gulf of Mexico be renamed the Gulf of America. On August 7, 2025, NOAA Fisheries and the National Ocean Service amended regulations in the Code of Federal Regulations to reflect the renaming. The name change did not result in any changes to, and had no effect on the applicability or enforceability of, any existing regulations. This website continues to use “Gulf of Mexico” when quoting statutes or previously published materials., The leatherback turtle has the widest global distribution of any reptile, with nesting mainly on tropical or subtropical beaches. Once prevalent in every ocean except the Arctic and Antarctic, the leatherback population is rapidly declining in many parts of the world., Where do leatherback turtles live? Leatherback turtles have an amazing ability to adapt and live in different aquatic environments all over the world. They inhabit both mild and tropical oceans, and this includes everything from the open high seas to shallow intertidal areas..
The leatherback sea turtle lives in the world’s temperate and tropical oceans, from the high seas to intertidal habitats. It is the largest turtle species in the world, and it is both the widest-ranging reptile and one of the widest-ranging vertebrates in the world., Learn facts about the leatherback sea turtle’s habitat, diet, life history, and more., "Identification of high-use habitat and threats to leatherback sea turtles in northern waters: new directions for conservation: Leatherback movements and conservation"., Leatherback sea turtles prefer pelagic habitats, which are wide spans of open ocean far from shore. Because the sea turtles follow their jellyfish prey, they spend the daytime in deep waters, and return to the surface at night when the jellyfish drift back up the water column., Basic facts about Leatherback sea turtle: lifespan, distribution and habitat map, lifestyle and social behavior, mating habits, diet and nutrition, population size and status., Leatherback turtles are named for their shell, which is leather-like rather than hard, like other turtles. They are the largest sea turtle species and also one of the most migratory, crossing both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans..