References to veterinary practice can be tracked throughout the oldest records of civilization, all the way back to the Egyptian papyrus of Kahun, dating back to 2160-1788 BC. In the medieval and Renaissance periods veterinarians relied on the Hippiatrica, a collection of Greek texts mainly concerning maladies of the horse. Until the eighteenth century much of the practitioners of veterinary medicine were farriers, who diagnosed and treated illnesses alongside their primary responsibilities of shoeing horses. With the establishment of the world’s first veterinary school in Lyon, France in 1761, a formal education system for veterinarians was established. Horses, due to their importance throughout human history, remained the center of the veterinary profession until well into the twentieth century. Many of the veterinary works published include the study of their anatomy as the basis for understanding and curing equine diseases., With the establishment of the world’s first veterinary school in Lyon, France in 1761, a formal education system for veterinarians was established. Horses, due to their importance throughout human history, remained the center of the veterinary profession until well into the twentieth century., Veterinary knowledge was first created with equines, while similar knowledge for other domesticated animals initially remained in the hands of folklore medicine and practitioners. The veterinary art developed in Greece, providing the Roman culture with much sensible advice..