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постановление правительства челябинской области 1033, History of figure skating - Wikipedia, Figure skating | Olympics, Jumps, Moves, History, & Competitions , How Figure Skating Originated—and Became a Winter Olympics - HISTORY, Figure Skating History: Timeline & How it started - SportsFoundation, History of Figure Skating, The Origins and Evolution of Figures and Figure Skating, The History of Figure Skating: From Its Origins to Today.
The (ISU), founded in the Netherlands in 1892, was created to oversee skating internationally. It sanctions as well as figure skating and sponsors the world championships held annually since 1896. With more than 50 member nations, the ISU establishes rules about the conduct of skating and skating competitions. Also notable for their important contributions to the sport of figure skating are , , and Alois Lutz. Each man created a jump that is now named after him. Paulsen, a Norwegian equally expert in figure and speed skating, introduced his jump in Vienna in 1882 at what is generally regarded as the first international championship. The “axel” was later perfected by Swedish figure skater . Salchow of Sweden first performed his trademark jump (the “salchow”) in competition in 1909. In London in 1908 he also won the first Olympic gold medal given for figure skating. Lutz, an Austrian, invented his jump (the “lutz”) in 1913. While the English diarist claimed to have danced on the ice during London’s hard winter of 1662, modern most likely developed out of the Vienna Skating Club’s adaptation of the waltz in the 1880s. The sport grew rapidly in popularity during and after the 1930s. Although the first U.S. national championship for ice dancing was held in 1914, it did not become an Olympic sport until 1976. 20th-century champions Figure skating currently contains more female than male participants, but this has not always been the case. At the first world championships, held in St. Petersburg in 1896, only a men’s event was skated. Pairs were not introduced until 1908 and ice dancing not until 1952. The first woman to participate in a world championship event, of Great Britain, did so in 1902. Because the rules did not specify the sex of participants, Syers entered the world championships held in London, and she finished second only to Salchow, who offered her his gold medal because he thought she should have won the event. The next year the ISU rules were changed to specify that women could not enter the event, but a separate women’s category, which Syers won for the first two years, was finally created three years later. Sonja HenieSkating star Sonja Henie performing in her Hollywood Ice Revue of 1950.(more)Twenty-one years later emerged as the first major female skating star. She reigned as world champion from 1927 to 1936 and parlayed her fame into a Hollywood career. Winning her first world title at the age of 14, she was the youngest champion until won the world championship in 1997 at an age two months younger than Henie. Lipinski also dethroned Henie as the youngest female Olympic champion by winning the gold medal in 1998 when she was 15. Canadian , the first non-European to win a world championship, became a professional skater, as did both Henie and Lipinski, after she won an Olympic gold medal in 1948. was the first great American male star of the 20th century. Now regarded as the “voice of figure skating,” he won five world titles (from 1948 through 1952) and two Olympic gold medals (1948 and 1952) along with seven U.S. national championships (from 1947 through 1953). Button also completed a double axel at the , the first skater to land such a jump in competition. While Button’s success paved the way for the emergence of more multirevolution jumps in figure skating, other male skaters developed different aspects of the sport. , for example, introduced new elements into spinning by creating a “blur spin,” or scratch spin, where the skater rapidly spins on one foot in an upright position. The U.S. figure-skating community was devastated in 1961 by a plane crash that killed the entire U.S. team. The team was on its way to for the world championships when the plane crashed on approach to Brussels. The championships were canceled. Although the United States had lost such potential world champions as Laurence Owen, American skating returned to world prominence in 1966 when , renowned for her elegance and grace, won the women’s world title in Davos, Switzerland, and an Olympic gold medal two years later in Grenoble, France. Fleming followed in the footsteps of such great American Olympic champions as (1956) and (1960). Janet Lynn, an Olympic bronze medalist in , and , an Olympic gold medalist in , were also part of the ascension of women’s skating in the United States. New coaches who went to the United States included , an Italian singles champion in the 1940s and ’50s. He coached Americans Fleming and Hamill as well as British Olympic champions and . of , dominating women’s singles in a manner that had not been seen since Henie, won Olympic gold medals at both the and Winter Games. American (see ) won four world championships (1981–84) as well as an Olympic gold medal in 1984. Earlier, American brothers had won successive Olympic gold medals at the 1956 and 1960 Games. continued the American Olympic dominance by winning the gold medal in 1988. Irina Rodnina and Aleksandr ZaytsevSoviet figure skaters Irina Rodnina and Aleksandr Zaytsev.(more)While the United States continued to produce singles champions, the Soviet Union was the master of pairs. French pairs skaters won Olympic gold medals in both 1928 and 1932, but the dominance of the Soviet Union became apparent in the 1960s and lasted into the 21st century. won Olympic gold medals at the 1964 (Innsbruck) and 1968 (Grenoble) Games. won three Olympic gold medals (from 1972 through 1980) with two different partners, Aleksey Ulanov and Aleksandr Zaytsev. This dominance continued into the 1980s when Yelena Valova and Oleg Vassilyev won the gold in 1984 (Sarajevo). won the gold twice (1988 and 1994), as did Artur Dmitriyev (1992 and 1998) with two different partners, Natalya Mishkutenok and Oksana Kazakova. The 2002 Olympic gold medal was shared by two pairs because of a judging controversy—Yelena Berezhnaya and Anton Sikharulidze of Russia and and of Canada. Ice dancing was introduced as an Olympic event in 1976, and Soviet teams dominated the sport. Teams from that country won an Olympic gold medal in 1976 (Lyudmila Pakhomova and Aleksandr Gorshkov), 1980 (Natalia Linichuk and Gennady Karponosov), 1988 (Natalia Bestemianova and Andrey Bukin), 1992 (Marina Klimova and Sergey Ponomarenko), and 1994 and 1998 (Oksana Grichuk and Yevgeny Platov). However, Great Britain’s took the gold in 1984, and Marina Anissina and Gwendal Peizerat of France placed first in 2002, winning France’s first gold medal in figure skating since 1932., The history of figure skating stretches back to prehistoric times. Primitive ice skates appear in the archaeological record from about 3000 BC. Edges were added by the Dutch in the 13th and 14th century., A Treatise on Skating (1772) by Robert Jones, an Englishman, is apparently the first account of figure skating. The sport had a cramped and formal style until American Jackson Haines introduced his free and expressive techniques based on dance movement in the mid-1860s..
Until 1936, figure skating was the lone event in the Winter Olympics in which women could compete, and gold-medal winning skaters became some of history’s most famous female athletes., Delve into the enchanting world of Figure Skating History. A captivating journey through the evolution and impact of a beloved winter sport. ⏳ Origins and Evolution: Figure skating traces its origins to Europe, drawing inspiration from ice skating on frozen lakes and canals., Learn about the history of figure skating, which started in the United States just before the Civil War. Although skating was born in Europe, figure skating as we know it today traces its origins directly back to an American — Jackson Haines., However, one Lake Placid family – Olympians Karen Courtland Kelly and Patrick Kelly – held a vision of reviving both figures and the deep connections in the sport with the art of figure skating, and in 2015, they founded the World Figure Sport Society., The history of figure skating has been a captivating journey, tracing back its origins to the 17th century. From its humble beginnings as a mode of transportation on frozen lakes and rivers to the graceful and intricate sport we witness today, figure skating has truly evolved over time., Figure skating has a rich and vibrant history dating back to the 19th century. The sport has evolved from simple figure eights to the complex and dynamic routines we see today. In the early days, figure skating was primarily a recreational activity, but it soon became a competitive sport..