самостоятельные работы по русскому языку в 3 классе
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самостоятельные работы по русскому языку в 3 классе, Ottoman–Persian Wars - Wikipedia, 22: FAILURE IN THE EAST AND THE OTTOMAN WAR (1798-1838), Iran, the Ottoman Empire, and the West: Sectarian Divide, Borderlands , The Oriental Crisis of 1840 - HubPages, Ottoman Invasion of western Iran in World War І and its - USB, From Enemies to Friends with No Benefits: The Failed Attempt at an , Decline of the Ottoman Empire | EBSCO Research Starters.
The history of Ottoman-Safavid borderlands is beginning to get some attention by historians. The Ottoman campaigns into Iran aimed at punishing the Safavid state for supporting the Qizilbash in Anatolia, and bringing the silk growing region of Ganja and Shirvan as well as the city of Tabriz, which was the most important silk entrepôt in the eastern Mediterranean trade zone under Ottoman control. Based on Ottoman archival sources, I will examine the Ottoman administration of Azerbaijan in two periods, in the late sixteenth (1585-1603) and the early eighteenth centuries (1725-30), highlighting the transformation of Ottoman policies in administering this rich borderland region during these two periods. The first period witnessed a tight Ottoman central control and very harsh policies by Ottoman governors, in part due to sectarian warfare and the Celali rebellions, leading to great economic dislocation and local rebellions. The second occupation of Azerbaijan took place after the disintegration of the Safavid state and the Afghan occupation of Iran. The Ottomans state reached an agreement with peter the Great of Russia to occupy the northern and western provinces of Iran. The Ottoman empire followed a more decentralized control over Azerbaijan during this period and coopted members of local nobility as well as tribal leaders into its administration. It farmed out the sources of revenue to its own military as well as local ayan who submitted to Ottoman rule and followed the Persian tax registers in assessing taxes. This policy proved more effective in reviving the economy as revenues began rising. But the dispersal of some major local tribes between the Russian and Ottoman held territories caused a major uprising by the Shahsevan tribe against Ottoman and Russian policies. In brief, Ottoman policies in attempting to rule over tribes in Azerbaijan proved ineffective and the joint Russian-Ottoman control of this region caused major dislocation among the Shasevan tribe. Based on cadastral surveys and Muhimme registers, this paper will examine the nature of Ottoman administration of this important borderland, as well as the demographic makeup, agricultural and economic resources of this rich borderland province in two periods of Ottoman rule. , The Ottoman–Persian Wars also called the Ottoman–Iranian Wars were a series of wars between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid, Afsharid, Zand, and Qajar dynasties of Iran (also known as Persia) through the 16th–19th centuries., It was a key city historically tied to Iranian empires and served as the lynchpin for reacquiring Iran's eastern realms.
In brief, Ottoman policies in attempting to rule over tribes in Azerbaijan proved ineffective and the joint Russian-Ottoman control of this region caused major dislocation among the Shasevan tribe., The Ottoman armies started to fall behind their European counterparts in the 17th and 18th centuries, and as the Ottomans failed to reform their armies, they increasingly started to receive more and more humbling defeats at the hands of the Austrians and the Russians., Russian and Ottoman forces violated this neutrality and occupied a vast part of the country along the western frontier. This critical situation caused many calamities with deep and viable effects on the social life of Western Iran which missed scholarly attention., “ Contesting Foreign Policy: Disagreement between the Ottoman Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of War on the Shatt al-Arab Dispute with Iran, 1912–13.”, The decline of the Ottoman Empire marks a significant period of historical transformation, characterized by military failures and internal strife. This process began in earnest after the failed siege of Vienna in 1683, which depleted the empire's resources and weakened its military structure., Approaching Iran as part of the broader European or Eurasian political process, the article demonstrates how Russia's strategic weakness in Iran was used as a powerful diplomatic weapon against the Ottoman Empire whose vulnerabilities were elsewhere..