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Introduction & Quick FactsLandReliefThe Kola-Karelian regionThe Russian PlainThe Ural MountainsThe West Siberian PlainThe Central Siberian PlateauThe mountains of the south and eastDrainageRiversLakesClimateAtmospheric pressure and windsTemperaturePrecipitationSoils and plant and animal lifeArctic desertTundraTaigaMixed and deciduous forestWooded steppe and steppePeopleEthnic groups and languagesThe Indo-European groupThe Altaic groupThe Uralic groupThe Caucasian groupOther groupsReligionSettlement patternsDemographic trendsEconomyAgriculture, forestry, and fishingAgricultureForestryFishingResources and powerManufacturingMachine buildingChemicalsLight industryFinanceTradeServicesLabour and taxationTransportation and telecommunicationsGovernment and societyConstitutional frameworkRegional and local governmentJusticePolitical processSecurityHealth and welfareHousingEducationCultural lifeThe development of Russian cultureThe Kievan periodThe Muscovite periodThe emergence of modern Russian cultureDaily life and social customsThe artsLiteratureThe 19th centuryThe 20th centuryMusicThe 19th centuryThe 20th centuryThe visual artsThe 19th centuryThe 20th centuryThe performing artsThe 19th centuryThe 20th centuryMotion picturesCultural institutionsSports and recreationMedia and publishingHistoryFrom the beginnings to c. 1700Prehistory and the rise of the RusKievThe rise of KievThe decline of KievSocial and political institutionsThe lands of RusNovgorodThe northwestThe northeastThe southwestThe Mongol periodThe Mongol invasionTatar ruleThe rise of MuscovyCultural life and the “Tatar influence”The post-Sarai periodRurikid MuscovyIvan IIIVasily IIIIvan IV (the Terrible)Boris GodunovThe Time of TroublesSocial and economic conditionsCultural trendsRomanov MuscovyMichaelAlexisTrends in the 17th centuryCultural lifeThe great schismThe 18th centuryThe reign of Peter I (the Great; 1689–1725)Peter’s youth and early reignThe Petrine stateAssessment of Peter’s reignPeter I’s successors (1725–62)Anna (1730–40)Elizabeth (1741–62)The reign of Catherine II (the Great; 1762–96)Expansion of the empireGovernment administration under CatherineEducation and social change in the 18th centuryThe reign of Paul I (1796–1801)Russia from 1801 to 1917The reigns of Alexander I and Nicholas IGeneral surveyGovernmentSocial classesEducation and intellectual lifeThe Russian EmpireForeign policyFrom Alexander II to Nicholas IIEmancipation and reformRevolutionary activitiesEconomic and social developmentEducation and ideasRussification policiesForeign policyThe last years of tsardomThe revolution of 1905–06The State DumaAgrarian reformsWar and the fall of the monarchySoviet RussiaAfter the monarchyThe October (November) RevolutionThe Civil War and War Communism (1918–21)The Civil WarWar CommunismNew Economic Policy (1921–28)The Stalin era (1928–53)The Khrushchev era (1953–64)The Brezhnev era (1964–82)The Gorbachev era: perestroika and glasnostCollapse of the Soviet UnionPost-Soviet RussiaThe Yeltsin presidency (1991–99)Economic reformsPolitical and social changesEthnic relations and Russia’s “near-abroad”Foreign affairsRewriting historyThe Putin presidencySeparatismForeign affairsThe oligarchsPolitical and economic reformsThe Medvedev presidencyThe second Putin presidencyThe Ukraine crisisConsolidation of power, Syria, and campaign against the WestPutin’s fourth term as president, novichok attacks, and military action against UkraineLeaders of Russia from 1276, Russia, [b] or the Russian Federation, [c] is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the largest country in the world, and extends across eleven time zones, sharing land borders with fourteen countries. [d] With over 140 million people, Russia is the most populous country in Europe and the ninth-most populous in the world. It is a highly urbanised country, with sixteen of its , Russia, country that stretches over a vast expanse of eastern Europe and northern Asia. Once the preeminent republic of the U.S.S.R., Russia became an independent country after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991. The capital of Russia is Moscow..
Новости в России и мире, самая оперативная информация: темы дня, обзоры, анализ. Фото и видео с места событий , Россия (Российская Федерация) - является самым большим государством мира (около 17 000 000 км², что составляет около 11% площади всей суши Земли, или 13% заселенной человеком суши) и стоит на девятом месте по численности , The Russian Federation (Росси́йская Федера́ция, Rossiyskaya Federatsiya), commonly known as Russia(Rossiya), is a transcontinental country extending over much of northern Eurasia (Asia and Europe)., Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic., Росси́я, Росси́йская Федера́ция[c][19], РФ — государство в восточной части Европы и северной части Азии. Россия — крупнейшее государство в мире, её территория в конституционных границах 2023 года (с территорией Крыма , Росси́я, или Росси́йская Федера́ция[e] (сокр. РФ[f]), — государство в Восточной Европе и Северной Азии. Россия — крупнейшее государство в мире, её территория в международно признанных границах составляет 17 098 246 км² [22 .