To understand how hot springs are formed, we need to explore some geological concepts. Historically, hot springs were once thought to be natural miracles. Later, they were associated with volcanic activity, but not all hot springs are linked to volcanoes. There are two primary types of origins for hot springs:Hot springs of meteoric or telluric origin:These hot springs form when surface water infiltrates the ground, descending through the soil and rock layers. As it moves deeper underground, the water's temperature increases and it picks up salts and minerals from the surrounding rocks.This heated, mineral-rich water can then rise back to the surface through fractures and cracks in the earth. The composition of telluric hot springs varies depending on the minerals present in the soil and rock layers it encounters. Typically, the water temperature ranges from 35°C to 40°C (95°F to 104°F), though this can fluctuate based on the depth and speed of its ascent.Hot springs of magmatic origin:These springs are associated with volcanic activity. They are formed when magma cools and crystallizes, causing fumaroles (vents in the earth's crust) to release gases and heated water.The composition of these hot springs often includes hydrogen, water vapor, and various elements such as fluorine, chlorine, sulfur, carbon, phosphorus, and boron. Magmatic hot springs typically have a higher temperature, generally around 50°C (122°F). Additionally, some hot springs have a mixed origin, combining both telluric and magmatic influences., Water issuing from a hot spring is heated geothermally, that is, with heat produced from the Earth's mantle. This takes place in two ways. In areas of high volcanic activity, magma (molten rock) may be present at shallow depths in the Earth's crust., Mesothermal springs: temperatures between 35°C and 45°C (95°F to 113°F). Hyperthermal springs : temperatures between 45°C and 100°C (113°F to 212°F). Superthermal springs : temperatures above 100°C (212°F)..